Научный журнал

The work shows the effect of multipurpose compost (KMN) on the biological activity of the soil during cultivation of crops under conditions of a drained agricultural landscape. The studies were carried out at the experimental site of All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands in 2013-2019. located in a finite moraine hill on a sod-podzolic residual-carbonate gleyous soil. Compost was applied for sowing spring wheat at a dose of 12 t/ha, which is N P K. The research was carried out with crops of grain-grass crop rotation, deployed in time. The rate of decomposition of cellulose was determined by Zvyagintsev method. It was revealed that the use of KMN had an effect on the biological activity of the soil during 1-5 and 7 years. research. In the first year after compost application, its effect on the biological activity of the soil was observed only on the southern slope and in the central parts of the northern slope. The greatest effect was obtained in the third year under winter rye when intensification of flaxen linen decomposition amounted to 14-46.4%. In the sixth year of research under the crops of the second year of use mixtures, the effect of KMN on the biological activity of the soil was not established. On average, the rotation of crop rotation, the biological activity of the soil as a result of the use of compost was 67.7%. A significant increase in the biological activity of the soil compared with the control was noted in the transit and eluvial-transit variants of the southern slope, as well as in the transit-accumulative microlandscape of the northern slope (by 8.6, 17.5, and 11.2%, respectively). The intensity of flaxen linen decomposition to a greater extent (41.9% of variability) is influenced by interaction of the agricultural background and the time of research. The share of other factors amounted to 8.6-1.3%. A strong direct correlation was revealed between the biological activity of the soil and the moisture content of the root layer (0.92).