Научный журнал

The article considers and analyzes the works of scientists of the Stavropol Territory on the issues of reclamation of saline soils. It is established that from 1986 to 2004, the area of saline soils in the region increased by 16,9 thousand hectares, on arable land decreased by 26,6 thousand hectares, on hayfields decreased by 20,2 thousand hectares, on pastures increased by 62,5 thousand hectares, on perennial plantations increased by 1.1 thousand hectares. The necessity of carrying out a new inventory of saline soils and updating the available data is revealed. It is established that for the period from 1981 to 2000 plastering was carried out with the preparation of project documentation on an area of 402,6 thousand hectares, and from 2001 to 2020 - 0,2 thousand hectares. Such a significant decrease in volumes is due to the termination of state funding for this type of work. The most rational sources of phosphogypsum were identified by us as Almaz Fertilizers, LLC, Lermontov, Stavropol Territory, and EuroChem-Belorechensk Mineral Fertilizers, LLC, Belorechensk, Krasnodar Territory. These enterprises can completely cover the annual demand for phosphogypsum in the amount of 200-230 thousand tons and are in urgent need of its disposal. Both enterprises have reserves of phosphogypsum in the amount of more than 30 million tons. The average cost of gypsum in the Stavropol Territory is estimated to be from 13332,30 to 20132,30 rubles/ha, depending on the source of phosphogypsum intake. In 2019 and 2020, experiments were conducted on the introduction of phosphogypsum using the units Rom-14 and UMEGA PI 20 in the fields of the IP of the Head of the farm Sabynin, G. K. Andropovsky District of the Stavropol Territory. Experiments have established that the equipment available in farms for the introduction of meliorant is poorly suited. The main requirements for the technique for applying phosphogypsum are the ability to scatter meliorant in a dose of up to 12 t/ha with an error within 1 t/ha.