Научный журнал

The article presents the results of scientific research on oil flax of the Uralsky variety to increase the yield of flax seeds and flax straw, taking into account the use of optimal nutrition area. The influence of the cultivation of oil flax in the Central district of the non-chemozem zone of the Russian Federation (Tver region) has been determined using a combination of seeding rates with different spacing between rows for the density of standing plants, morphological indicators, yield of flax seeds and flax straw. The studies were conducted in a two-factor field experiment. The soil of the plots under the experiment was sod-podzolic medium loamy. It was characterized by a slightly acidic and medium acidic reaction of the soil solution. The phosphorus content in it was very high and elevated, potassium - medium, high and very high. The humus content in the soil was 1.42- 1.60 %. The scheme of the experiment included variants with two methods of sowing: with a distance between rows of 10 and 15 centimeter (method of sowing, factor A) and three seeding rates: 7, 8 and 9 million germinating seeds per 1 (factor B). The yield of flax seeds and flax straw increased when sowing oil flax of the Uralsky variety with a distance between rows of 15 centimeter in combination with a seeding rate of 8 million germinating seeds per 1 (interaction of AB factors) in comparison with sowing with a distance between rows of 10 centimeter and the same seeding rate. With this method of sowing and with this seeding rate, the yield of oil flax seeds increased by 0.25 t (52 %), the yield of flax straw - by 0.32 t(17 %). The height of plants increased by 3.3 centimeter, the density of standing - by 30 pieces/m, the number of boxes on the oil flax plant increased by 4.1 pieces (57 %), flax seeds - by 0.8 pieces (12.9 %). The weight of seeds in the box increased by 0.006 gramme (15.4 %).